Inside entrepreneurial orientation: Do risk-taking and innovativeness influence proactiveness?
Vol. 16, No 1, 2023
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Krzysztof Wach
Krakow University of Economics, Poland E-mail: wachk@uek.krakow.pl ORCID 0000-0001-7542-2863
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Inside entrepreneurial orientation: Do risk-taking and innovativeness influence proactiveness? |
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Marek Maciejewski
Krakow University of Economics, Poland E-mail: maciejem@uek.krakow.pl ORCID 0000-0003-1343-3764 Agnieszka Głodowska
Krakow University of Economics, Poland E-mail: glodowsa@uek.krakow.pl ORCID 0000-0002-5317-8625 |
Abstract. The article focuses on the interdependencies within entrepreneurial orientation. The objective of the study was to verify the relationship between risk-taking and innovativeness, on the one hand, and proactiveness on the other hand, as three elements of entrepreneurial orientation of internationalized firms. The main research question the article answers is: In what way do risk-taking and innovativeness influence proactiveness within the interrelated three-dimensional construct of entrepreneurial orientation? The article employs structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) to analyse survey results based on a stratified sampling of 355 internationalized firms from Poland. The empirical findings demonstrate the positive impact of risk-taking (RISK) and innovativeness (INNO) on proactiveness (PROACT) within the interrelated three-dimensional construct of entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, the level of risk-taking (RISK) and innovativeness (INNO) accounts for 36% of the variation in proactiveness (PROACT), which is considered high in social sciences, including business studies. |
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Received: May, 2022 1st Revision: December, 2022 Accepted: January, 2023 |
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DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2023/16-1/11 |
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JEL Classification: L26, F23, O30 |
Keywords: entrepreneurial orientation, innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, international entrepreneurship, internationalization of the firm, Poland, SEM |
